Gavin Newsom, California’s governor, has commuted the death sentences of more than ۵۰۰ people on the state’s death row on Thursday, a move that ensures they can never be executed under future administrations.
The Democrat’s mass commutation at the end of his term has converted all of the state’s death sentences to life without the possibility of parole, the largest clearing of any US death row in modern history.
The move comes after the failed execution of Christa Pike in Tennessee sparked global outrage and renewed calls for a nationwide pause on capital punishment.
His decision impacts ۵۲۹ men and ۱۹ women who were sentenced to death in the state, making up the largest death row in the western hemisphere, the governor said in a letter announcing his decision.
“I take this action because I firmly believe that state-sanctioned killing is incompatible with California’s values, undermines the foundations of our legal system, and diminishes each of us,” he wrote. “I know we cannot execute people in our imperfect legal system and remain true to our core values, first among them justice and human decency.”
Newsom, considered a probable candidate for president in ۲۰۲۸, has long opposed the death penalty and issued a moratorium on executions in ۲۰۱۹. He also dismantled the state’s physical death row chamber in the infamous San Quentin prison, transferring people with death sentences to other facilities where they had more freedom of movement and access to programs – for some, a dramatic change after decades isolated in solitary cells.
The last execution in California was in ۲۰۰۶, but hundreds of people incarcerated in the state’s prisons have continued to live under death sentences, making California home to the largest death row population in the nation.
Newsom’s office noted on Thursday that of the ۵۴۸ people sentenced to death, ۲۲۰ of them have waited ۱۵ years or more to be appointed habeas counsel, the legal representation they are entitled to access to fight their cases. And ۱۳۹ people have waited ۲۰ years or more for representation. If there were no moratorium in place, there are ۴۵ people in the state who are considered to have exhausted their appeals and would be immediately subject to execution.
“This decision is among the most difficult of my career, not because I doubt its necessity for our state but because I know its announcement may surface excruciating memories for victims’ families,” Newsom said. “I hold this painful truth along with the belief that this is a righteous action.”
Governors of both parties have taken bold measures to oppose capital punishment over the years, including an Illinois Republican who commuted all ۱۶۷ death sentences in ۲۰۰۳ before leaving office. In ۲۰۲۴, North Carolina’s Democratic governor, Roy Cooper, commuted ۱۵ death sentences in the state in his final day in office.
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Support for the death penalty has been declining across the US, but Democrats at times have been reluctant to do mass commutations out of fear that Republicans will paint them as “soft on crime” politicians who sided with people convicted of brutal murders.
Newsom has supported criminal justice reform efforts, including changes to prioritize rehabilitative programs in prisons. But some advocates over the years have accused him of caving to political pressures on the issue, including when he has vetoed the release of high-profile prisoners even after they have been granted parole.
California is one of ۲۷ states that still have the death penalty on the books.
